Inhaltsverzeichnis
micro:bit TPS
This is my implementation of the TPS. The instructions will be compatible to my Arduino_TPS Version. And you will get some nice new Commands, implementing some of the micro:bit features, like images, Soundlevel, Logo…
If you find a bug, feel free to create a issue in the tracker.
hosted on github: https://github.com/willie68/micro-bit_tps
Installation
To install the micro: bit TPS version, please simply copy the file microbit_tps.hex to the micro: bit drive.
Command implementation Chart
The actual command implementation list for the micro:bit V2:
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n.n. | Port [DOUT] | Delay [WAIT] | Jump back relative [RJMP] | A=# [LDA] | =A | A= | A=Ausdruck | |
| 0 | NOP [NOP] | aus | 1ms | 0 | 0 | A↔B [SWAP] | ||
| 1 | SetPixel(X,Y) X=A, Y=B | 1 | 2ms | 1 | 1 | B=A [MOV] | A=B [MOV] | A=A + 1 [INC] |
| 2 | ClearPixel(X,Y) X=A, Y=B | 2 | 5ms | 2 | 2 | C=A [MOV] | A=C [MOV] | A=A - 1 [DEC] |
| 3 | A=0: ClearDisplay A=1..63: show(Image) | 3 | 10ms | 3 | 3 | D=A [MOV] | A=D [MOV] | A=A + B [ADD] |
| 4 | 4 | 20ms | 4 | 4 | Dout=A [STA] | Din [LDA] | A=A - B [SUB] | |
| 5 | 5 | 50ms | 5 | 5 | Dout.1=A.1 [STA] | Din.1 [LDA] | A=A * B [MUL] | |
| 6 | 6 | 100ms | 6 | 6 | Dout.2=A.1 [STA] | Din.2 [LDA] | A=A / B [DIV] | |
| 7 | 7 | 200ms | 7 | 7 | Dout.3=A.1 [STA] | Din.3 [LDA] | A=A and B [AND] | |
| 8 | 8 | 500ms | 8 | 8 | Dout.4=A.1 [STA] | Din.4 [LDA] | A=A or B [OR] | |
| 9 | 9 | 1s | 9 | 9 | PWM.1=A [STA] | ADC.1 [LDA] | A=A xor B [XOR] | |
| a | 10 | 2s | 10 | 10 | PWM.2=A [STA] | ADC.2 [LDA] | A= not A [NOT] | |
| b | 11 | 5s | 11 | 11 | Servo.1=A [STA] | RCin.1 [LDA] | A= A % B (Rest) [MOD] | |
| c | 12 | 10s | 12 | 12 | Servo.2=A [STA] | RCin.2 [LDA] | A= A + 16 * B [BYTE] | |
| d | 13 | 20s | 13 | 13 | E=A [MOV] | A=E [MOV] | A= B - A[BSUBA] | |
| e | 14 | 30s | 14 | 14 | F=A [MOV] | A=F [MOV] | A=A SHR 1 [SHR] | |
| f | 15 | 60s | 15 | 15 | Push A [PUSH] | Pop A [POP] | A=A SHL 1 [SHL] |
new commands for the micro:bit
SetPixel: sets a pixel directly with x,y coordinates. X=A Y=B
ClearPixel: clears a pixel
ShowImage(image): if image (A) is set to 0, the display is cleared, otherwise it will set a nice image on the display. Number to image, see appendix.
| 8 | 9 | a | b | c | d | e | f | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Page [PAGE] | Jump absolut (#+16*page) [JMP] | C* C>0: C=C-1; Jump # + (16*page) [LOOPC] | D* D>0:D=D-1; Jump # + (16*page) [LOOPC] | Skip if | Call # + (16*Page) [Call] | Callsub/Ret | Byte Befehle | |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | A==0 [SKIP0] | 0 | ret [RTR] | A=ADC.1 [BLDA] |
| 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | A>B [AGTB] | 1 | Call 1 [CASB] | A=ADC.2 [BLDA] |
| 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | A<B [ALTB] | 2 | 2 [CASB] | A=RCin.1 [BLDA] |
| 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | A==B [AEQB] | 3 | 3 [CASB] | A=RCin.2 [BLDA] |
| 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | Din.1==1 [DEQ1 1] | 4 | 4 [CASB] | PWM.1=A [BSTA] |
| 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | 5 | Din.2==1 [DEQ1 2] | 5 | 5 [CASB] | PWM.2=A [BSTA] |
| 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 | Din.3==1 [DEQ1 3] | 6 | 6 [CASB] | Servo.1=A [BSTA] |
| 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | 7 | Din.4==1 [DEQ1 4] | 7 | Servo.2=A [BSTA] | |
| 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | 8 | Din.1==0 [DEQ0 1] | 8 | Def 1 [DFSB] | Tone=A [TONE] |
| 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 | Din.2==0 [DEQ0 2] | 9 | 2 [DFSB] | GetACC a=acc.x, E=acc.y, F=acc.z |
| a | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | Din.3==0 [DEQ0 3] | 10 | 3 [DFSB] | A= Compass (in 5°) |
| b | 11 | 11 | 11 | 11 | Din.4==0 [DEQ0 4] | 11 | 4 [DFSB] | A=SoundLevel() |
| c | 12 | 12 | 12 | 12 | S_PRG==0 [PRG0] | 12 | 5 [DFSB] | A=LightLevel (0..255) |
| d | 13 | 13 | 13 | 13 | S_SEL==0 [SEL0] | 13 | 6 [DFSB] | A=LogoTouched |
| e | 14 | 14 | 14 | 14 | S_PRG==1 [PRG1] | 14 | A=Gesture() | |
| f | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | S_SEL==1 [SEL1] | 15 | restart [REST] | PrgEnd [PEND] |
new commands for the micro:bit
GetACC: get values from the accelerator, A will be the x-axis, E the y-axis, and F the z-axis all Values range form 0..255
Compass: get the value of the compass, the value is in 5° Steps, so 0 = 0° 1 = 5°, 2=10°…
SoundLevel: level of the microphone
LightLevel: level of the ambient light
Gesture: is the gesture you where making with the micro:bit. The following gestures will be detected:
| No. | Gesture | No. | Gesture |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | nothing | 6 | face down |
| 1 | moving up | 7 | freefall |
| 2 | moving down | 8 | 3g |
| 3 | moving left | 9 | 6g |
| 4 | moving right | 10 | 8g |
| 5 | face up | 11 | shake |
LogoTouched: the logo is touched.
Hardware assignments:
Caution: Due to the dual assignment of pins (especially the two A / D converters) can cause effects on the circuit in both directions. Protective diodes may be required there.
Button A is PRG or S1 (pin 5)
Button B is SEL or S2 (pin 11)
servo pins: Servo 1: pin 8, Servo 2: pin 9
ppm pins: pin 3, pin 4
Micro:bit pin mapping table
| pin number | micro:bit function | TPS function |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | a/d | DOut.1 |
| 1 | a/d | DOut.2 |
| 2 | a/d | DOut.3 |
| 3 | LED Col 3 a/d | A/D 1, RCin 1 |
| 4 | LED Col 1 a/d | A/D 2, RCin 2 |
| 5 | Button A | PRG/S1 |
| 6 | LED Col 4 | unusable |
| 7 | LED Col 2 | unusable |
| 8 | D/A 1, Servo 1 | |
| 9 | D/A 2, Servo 2 | |
| 10 | LED Col 5 a/d | unusable |
| 11 | Button B | SEL/S2 |
| 12 | reserved | DOut.4 |
| 13 | DIn.1 | |
| 14 | DIn.2 | |
| 15 | DIn.3 | |
| 16 | DIn.4 | |
| 19 | I2C | unusable |
| 20 | I2C | unusable |
Debug mode
This micro: bit TPS version supports debug and single step mode. In debug mode, additional information is made available on the serial interface while the program is being executed. A terminal program (such as hterm: https://www.der-hammer.info/pages/terminal.html) is required for this. Settings: 115200 baud 8N1.
- PC: 0000 INST: 1, DATA: 1 Register: A: 00, B: 00, C: 00 D: 00, E: 00, F: 00 Page: 00, Ret: 0000
PC is the program counter. INST and DATA are the nibbles of the command. The current status of the registers is shown under Register. PAGE is the page register and RET contains the return address for a subroutine call (via command 0xD #).
While the single step mode can only be set via source code, the pure debug mode can be started by touching the logo during a reset.
Apendix
Image List
You can show a nice image on the display of the microbit. There are several images pre installed. To show a image simply put the number of the image into the A register. For images > 15 you can use this code. As an example we want to display the T-Shirt image, which is number 50. First simple do the following calculation 50/16 = 3 with a rest of 2 (3*16+2=50)
First put the upper bits (the 3) in to the B register. With Assembler Pseudocode this is
LDA 3 A=3 0x43 MOV B B=A 0x51
Then put the 2 into the A Register and do the calulation
LDA 2 A=2 0x42 BYTE A=B*16+A 0x7C
And than call the display command (at the moment there is no assembler mnemonic for this)
n.n. Show Image 0x03
So the tps program showing the t-shirt is: 43, 51, 42, 7C, 03
Here is the image list:
| upper nibble | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| lower nibble | ||||
| 0 | 0: clear display, | 16: Image.CLOCK3 | 32: Image.ARROW_W | 48: Image.PACMAN |
| 1 | 1: Image.HEART | 17: Image.CLOCK4 | 33: Image.ARROW_NW | 49: Image.TARGET |
| 2 | 2: Image.HAPPY | 18: Image.CLOCK5 | 34: Image.TRIANGLE | 50: Image.TSHIRT |
| 3 | 3: Image.SMILE | 19: Image.CLOCK6 | 35: Image.TRIANGLE_LEFT | 51: Image.ROLLERSKATE |
| 4 | 4: Image.SAD | 20: Image.CLOCK7 | 36: Image.CHESSBOARD | 52: Image.DUCK |
| 5 | 5: Image.CONFUSED | 21: Image.CLOCK8 | 37: Image.DIAMOND | 53: Image.HOUSE |
| 6 | 6: Image.ANGRY | 22: Image.CLOCK9 | 38: Image.DIAMOND_SMALL | 54: Image.TORTOISE |
| 7 | 7: Image.ASLEEP | 23: Image.CLOCK10 | 39: Image.SQUARE | 55: Image.BUTTERFLY |
| 8 | 8: Image.SURPRISED | 24: Image.CLOCK11 | 40: Image.SQUARE_SMALL | 56: Image.STICKFIGURE |
| 9 | 9: Image.SILLY | 25: Image.CLOCK12 | 41: Image.RABBIT | 57: Image.GHOST |
| A | 10: Image.FABULOUS | 26: Image.ARROW_N | 42: Image.COW | 58: Image.SWORD |
| B | 11: Image.MEH | 27: Image.ARROW_NE | 43: Image.MUSIC_CROTCHET | 59: Image.GIRAFFE |
| C | 12: Image.YES | 28: Image.ARROW_E | 44: Image.MUSIC_QUAVER | 60: Image.SKULL |
| D | 13: Image.NO | 29: Image.ARROW_SE | 45: Image.MUSIC_QUAVERS | 61: Image.UMBRELLA |
| E | 14: Image.CLOCK1 | 30: Image.ARROW_S | 46: Image.PITCHFORK | 62: Image.SNAKE |
| F | 15: Image.CLOCK2 | 31: Image.ARROW_SW | 47: Image.XMAS | 63: Image.HEART_SMALL |
